Расширить LVM-раздел для GPT таблиц диска на Centos 7
GPT — стандарт формата размещения таблиц разделов на физическом жестком диске. Он является частью Расширяемого микропрограммного интерфейса (англ. Extensible Firmware Interface, EFI) — стандарта, предложенного Intel на смену BIOS. EFI использует GPT там, где BIOS использует Главную загрузочную запись (англ. Master Boot Record, MBR).
На одном из серверов при выполнении команды fdisk -l вылезло предупреждение:
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$ sudo fdisk -l
WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.
Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
Disk identifier: B0305913-98D6-4029-B711-1361097B7404
# Start End Size Type Name
1 2048 411647 200M EFI System EFI System Partition
2 411648 2508799 1G Microsoft basic
3 2508800 35649535 15,8G Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 14.8 GB, 14814281728 bytes, 28934144 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Гугл переводчик нам говорит следующее:
Поддержка fdisk GPT в настоящее время является новой, и поэтому находится на экспериментальной стадии. Используйте по своему усмотрению.
Устанавливаем утилиту gdisk
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$ sudo yum -y install gdisk
Посмотрим информацию о диске через эту утилиту
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$ sudo gdisk -l /dev/sda
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10
Partition table scan:
MBR: protective
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: present
Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.
Disk /dev/sda: 209715200 sectors, 100.0 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): B0305913-98D6-4029-B711-1361097B7404
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 209715166
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 174067645 sectors (83.0 GiB)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 2048 411647 200.0 MiB EF00 EFI System Partition
2 411648 2508799 1024.0 MiB 0700
3 2508800 35649535 15.8 GiB 8E00
Тут следует обратить внимание на последнюю строчку, значение столбца End (sector) = 35649535, это значение нам потребуется в дальнейшем
Приступим к созданию нового раздела
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$ sudo gdisk /dev/sda
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10
Partition table scan:
MBR: protective
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: present
Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.
Command (? for help): ?
b back up GPT data to a file
c change a partition's name
d delete a partition
i show detailed information on a partition
l list known partition types
n add a new partition
o create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT)
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
r recovery and transformation options (experts only)
s sort partitions
t change a partition's type code
v verify disk
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
? print this menu
Command (? for help): n
Partition number (4-128, default 4): 4
First sector (34-209715166, default = 35649536) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: 35649536
Last sector (35649536-209715166, default = 209715166) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: 209715166
Current type is 'Linux filesystem'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): L
0700 Microsoft basic data 0c01 Microsoft reserved 2700 Windows RE
3000 ONIE boot 3001 ONIE config 4100 PowerPC PReP boot
4200 Windows LDM data 4201 Windows LDM metadata 7501 IBM GPFS
7f00 ChromeOS kernel 7f01 ChromeOS root 7f02 ChromeOS reserved
8200 Linux swap 8300 Linux filesystem 8301 Linux reserved
8302 Linux /home 8400 Intel Rapid Start 8e00 Linux LVM
a500 FreeBSD disklabel a501 FreeBSD boot a502 FreeBSD swap
a503 FreeBSD UFS a504 FreeBSD ZFS a505 FreeBSD Vinum/RAID
a580 Midnight BSD data a581 Midnight BSD boot a582 Midnight BSD swap
a583 Midnight BSD UFS a584 Midnight BSD ZFS a585 Midnight BSD Vinum
a800 Apple UFS a901 NetBSD swap a902 NetBSD FFS
a903 NetBSD LFS a904 NetBSD concatenated a905 NetBSD encrypted
a906 NetBSD RAID ab00 Apple boot af00 Apple HFS/HFS+
af01 Apple RAID af02 Apple RAID offline af03 Apple label
af04 AppleTV recovery af05 Apple Core Storage be00 Solaris boot
bf00 Solaris root bf01 Solaris /usr & Mac Z bf02 Solaris swap
bf03 Solaris backup bf04 Solaris /var bf05 Solaris /home
bf06 Solaris alternate se bf07 Solaris Reserved 1 bf08 Solaris Reserved 2
bf09 Solaris Reserved 3 bf0a Solaris Reserved 4 bf0b Solaris Reserved 5
c001 HP-UX data c002 HP-UX service ea00 Freedesktop $BOOT
eb00 Haiku BFS ed00 Sony system partitio ed01 Lenovo system partit
Press the <Enter> key to see more codes:
ef00 EFI System ef01 MBR partition scheme ef02 BIOS boot partition
fb00 VMWare VMFS fb01 VMWare reserved fc00 VMWare kcore crash p
fd00 Linux RAID
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8e00
Changed type of partition to 'Linux LVM'
Command (? for help): w
Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!
Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): Y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda.
Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
The operation has completed successfully.
Где мы использовали следующие значения:
- Command (? for help): n -
Создать новый раздел- Partition number (4-128, default 4): 4 -
Номер раздела- First sector (34-209715166, default = 35649536) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: 35649536 -
Первый сектор(про этот параметр я говорил выше, выделено)- Last sector (35649536-209715166, default = 209715166) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: 209715166 -
Последний сектор- Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8e00 -
Код для LVM- Command (? for help): w -
Записать изменения- Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): Y -
Подтвердить
Проинформируем операционную систему об изменении таблицы разделов
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$ sudo partprobe
Смотрим что получилось
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$ sudo gdisk -l /dev/sda
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10
Partition table scan:
MBR: protective
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: present
Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.
Disk /dev/sda: 209715200 sectors, 100.0 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): B0305913-98D6-4029-B711-1361097B7404
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 209715166
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 2014 sectors (1007.0 KiB)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 2048 411647 200.0 MiB EF00 EFI System Partition
2 411648 2508799 1024.0 MiB 0700
3 2508800 35649535 15.8 GiB 8E00
4 35649536 209715166 83.0 GiB 8E00 Linux LVM
Как видно, появится новый раздел /dev/sda4
Создадим физический том /dev/sda4 через команду
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$ sudo pvcreate /dev/sda4
Physical volume "/dev/sda4" successfully created.
Ищем наш VG Name:
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$ sudo vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 15,80 GiB
PE Size 4,00 MiB
Total PE 4045
Alloc PE / Size 4044 / <15,80 GiB
Free PE / Size 1 / 4,00 MiB
VG UUID h1fisC-E0Jq-y0hg-CNsK-tbEp-FlCx-we4kc0
Расширяем том centos
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$ sudo vgextend centos /dev/sda4
Volume group "centos" successfully extended
Проверяем что получилось
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$ sudo pvscan
PV /dev/sda3 VG centos lvm2 [15,80 GiB / 4,00 MiB free]
PV /dev/sda4 VG centos lvm2 [<83,00 GiB / <83,00 GiB free]
Total: 2 [<98,80 GiB] / in use: 2 [<98,80 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]
Ищем наш LV Path:
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$ sudo lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/root
LV Name root
VG Name centos
LV UUID 2Js7Fd-vndx-X1e8-mOGt-EgX6-CRn3-jrBeMB
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost, 2019-07-10 10:32:35 +0300
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size <13,80 GiB
Current LE 3532
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:0
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/swap
LV Name swap
VG Name centos
LV UUID hGtREN-VZpe-djLb-rT7g-drKz-64E5-mh4Dtd
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time tocalhost, 2019-07-10 10:32:36 +0300
LV Status available
# open 2
LV Size 2,00 GiB
Current LE 512
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:1
Расширяем логический том /dev/centos/root и активируем его
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$ sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/centos/root -r
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <13,80 GiB (3532 extents) to <96,80 GiB (24780 extents).
Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=904192 blks
= sectsz=4096 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=3616768, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=4096 sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 3616768 to 25374720
Проверяем через команду gdisk -l /dev/sda
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$ sudo gdisk -l /dev/sda
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10
Partition table scan:
MBR: protective
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: present
Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.
Disk /dev/sda: 209715200 sectors, 100.0 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): B0305913-98D6-4029-B711-1361097B7404
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 209715166
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 2014 sectors (1007.0 KiB)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 2048 411647 200.0 MiB EF00 EFI System Partition
2 411648 2508799 1024.0 MiB 0700
3 2508800 35649535 15.8 GiB 8E00
4 35649536 209715166 83.0 GiB 8E00 Linux LVM
Проверяем через команду df -h
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$ sudo df -h
Файловая система Размер Использовано Дост Использовано% Cмонтировано в
/dev/mapper/centos-root 97G 1,3G 96G 2% /
devtmpfs 858M 0 858M 0% /dev
tmpfs 870M 0 870M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 870M 9,3M 860M 2% /run
tmpfs 870M 0 870M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda2 1014M 176M 839M 18% /boot
/dev/sda1 200M 12M 189M 6% /boot/efi
tmpfs 174M 0 174M 0% /run/user/0
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